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Summary: in this tutorial, you will learn how to insert data into a table using MySQL Connector/Python API.

To insert new rows into a MySQL table, you follow these steps:

1. Connect to the MySQL database server by creating a new MySQLConnection object.
2. Initiate a MySQLCursor object from the MySQLConnection object.
3. Execute the INSERT statement to insert data into the table.
4. Close the database connection.

MySQL Connector/Python provides API that allows you to insert one or multiple rows into a table at a time. Let’s examine at each method in more detail.

Insert one row into a table

The following method inserts a new book into the  books table:

from mysql.connector import MySQLConnection, Error
from python_mysql_dbconfig import read_db_config

def insert_book(title, isbn):
    query = "INSERT INTO books(title,isbn) " \
            "VALUES(%s,%s)"
    args = (title, isbn)

    try:
        db_config = read_db_config()
        conn = MySQLConnection(**db_config)

        cursor = conn.cursor()
        cursor.execute(query, args)

        if cursor.lastrowid:
            print('last insert id', cursor.lastrowid)
        else:
            print('last insert id not found')

        conn.commit()
    except Error as error:
        print(error)

    finally:
        cursor.close()
        conn.close()

def main():
   insert_book('A Sudden Light','9781439187036')

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()Code language: Python (python)

In the above code:

• First, import MySQLConnection and Error objects from the MySQL Connector/Python package and read_db_config() function from the python_mysql_dbconfig module.
• Next, define a new function named insert_book() that accepts two arguments: title and isbn. Inside the insert_book() function, construct an INSERT statement (query) and data (args) for inserting into the books table. Notice that the data passing to the function is a tuple.
• Then, create a new connection, execute the statement, and commit the change in the try except block. Note that you have to explicitly call the  commit() method in order to make the changes to the database. In case a new row is inserted successfully, you can retrieve the last insert id of the AUTO_INCREMENT column by using the  lastrowid property of the MySQLCursor object.
• After that, close the cursor and database connection at the end of the  insert_book() function.
• Finally, call the  insert_book() function to insert a new row into the  books table in the  main() function.

Insert multiple rows into a table

The following INSERT statement allows you to insert multiple rows into the books table:

INSERT INTO books(title,isbn)
VALUES('Harry Potter And The Order Of The Phoenix', '9780439358071'),
       ('Gone with the Wind', '9780446675536'),
       ('Pride and Prejudice (Modern Library Classics)', '9780679783268');Code language: SQL (Structured Query Language) (sql)

To insert multiple rows into a table in Python, you use the  executemany() method of the MySQLCursor object. See the following code:

from mysql.connector import MySQLConnection, Error
from python_mysql_dbconfig import read_db_config

def insert_books(books):
    query = "INSERT INTO books(title,isbn) " \
            "VALUES(%s,%s)"

    try:
        db_config = read_db_config()
        conn = MySQLConnection(**db_config)

        cursor = conn.cursor()
        cursor.executemany(query, books)

        conn.commit()
    except Error as e:
        print('Error:', e)

    finally:
        cursor.close()
        conn.close()

def main():
    books = [('Harry Potter And The Order Of The Phoenix', '9780439358071'),
             ('Gone with the Wind', '9780446675536'),
             ('Pride and Prejudice (Modern Library Classics)', '9780679783268')]
    insert_books(books)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()Code language: Python (python)

The logic in this example is similar to the logic in the first example. However, instead of calling the  execute() method, we call  executemany() method.

In the  main() function, we pass a list of tuples, each contains title and isbn of the book to the insert_books() function.

By calling the  executemany() method of the MySQLCursor object, the MySQL Connector/Python translates the  INSERT statement into the one that contains multiple lists of values.

In this tutorial, you have learned how to insert one or more rows into a table in Python.