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C operators are symbols that are used to perform mathematical or logical manipulations. C programming language is rich with built-in operators. Operators take part in a program for manipulating data and variables and form a part of the mathematical or logical expressions.

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Types of Operators in C

Arithmetic Operators

Arithmetic Operators are used for performing mathematical calculations like addition (+), subtraction (-), multiplication (*), division (/), and modulus (%).

Operator	Description
+	Addition
-	Subtraction
*	Multiplication
/	Division
%	Modulus

C Program to Add Two Numbers

Example:

#include 
void main()
{
 int i=3,j=7,k; /* Variables Defining and Assign values */

 k=i+j;
 printf("sum of two numbers is %d\n", k); 
}

Program Output:

Increment and Decrement Operators

Increment and Decrement Operators are useful operators generally used to minimize the calculation, i.e. ++x and x++ means x=x+1 or -x and x--means x=x-1. But there is a slight difference between ++ or -- written before or after the operand. Applying the pre-increment first adds one to the operand, and then the result is assigned to the variable on the left, whereas post-increment first assigns the value to the variable on the left and then increments the operand.

Operator	Description
++	Increment
−−	Decrement

C Program Demonstrate Prefix and Postfix Modes

#include 
//stdio.h is a header file used for input.output purpose.

void main()
{
    //set a and b both equal to 5.
    int a=5, b=5;

    //Print them and decrementing each time.
    //Use postfix mode for a and prefix mode for b.
    printf("\n%d %d",a--,--b);
    printf("\n%d %d",a--,--b);
    printf("\n%d %d",a--,--b);
    printf("\n%d %d",a--,--b);
    printf("\n%d %d",a--,--b);
}

Program Output:

5 4
4 3
3 2
2 1
1 0

Relational Operators

Relational operators are used to compare two quantities or values.

Operator	Description
==	Is equal to
!=	It is not equal to
>	Greater than
<<>	Less than
>=	Greater than or equal to
<=<>	Less than or equal to

Logical Operators

C provides three logical operators when we test more than one condition to make decisions. These are: && (meaning logical AND), || (meaning logical OR) and ! (meaning logical NOT).

Operator	Description
&&	And operator. It performs logical conjunction of two expressions. (if both expressions evaluate to True, the result is True. If either expression evaluates to False, the result is False)
||	Or operator. It performs a logical disjunction on two expressions. (if either or both expressions evaluate to True, the result is True)
!	Not operator. It performs logical negation on an expression.

Bitwise Operators

C provides a special operator for bit operation between two variables.

Operator	Description
<<<>	Binary Left Shift Operator
>>	Binary Right Shift Operator
~	Binary Ones Complement Operator
&	Binary AND Operator
^	Binary XOR Operator
|	Binary OR Operator

Assignment Operators

Assignment operators are applied to assign the result of an expression to a variable. C has a collection of shorthand assignment operators.

Operator	Description
=	Assign
+=	Increments then assign
-=	Decrements then assign
*=	Multiplies then assign
/=	Divides then assign
%=	Modulus then assign
<<=<>	Left shift and assign
>>=	Right shift and assign
&=	Bitwise AND assign
^=	Bitwise exclusive OR and assign
|=	Bitwise inclusive OR and assign

Conditional Operator

C offers a ternary operator, which is the conditional operator (?: in combination), to construct conditional expressions.

Operator	Description
? :	Conditional Expression

Special Operators

C supports some special operators

Operator	Description
sizeof()	Returns the size of a memory location.
&	Returns the address of a memory location.
*	Pointer to a variable.

Program to Demonstrate the Use of sizeof() Operator

Example:

#include 
void main()
{
    int i=10; // Variables Defining and Assign values
    printf("integer: %d\n", sizeof(i));
}

Program Output:

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